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Indian Heart Journal 2014We describe a curious congenital variation of human aortic arch (AA) branching pattern termed the "bovine aortic arch". Rather than arising directly from the AA as a... (Review)
Review
We describe a curious congenital variation of human aortic arch (AA) branching pattern termed the "bovine aortic arch". Rather than arising directly from the AA as a separate branch as occurs in the most common AA branching pattern, the left common carotid artery moves to the right and merges from the brachiocephalic trunk. It is the normal AA branching pattern presented in a number of animals (canines, felines or Macaque monkeys) but it has nothing to do with anatomy of AA in ruminant animals, including cattle and buffalo. That is why it is one of the most widely misnomers used in medical literature whose origin is nowadays unknown.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Bioprosthesis; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Cattle; Humans; Prosthesis Design; Vascular Malformations
PubMed: 24973853
DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.03.021 -
Esophagus : Official Journal of the... Jul 2023Transmediastinal radical esophagectomy (TME) is a new minimally invasive approach without thoracotomy. However, the transcervical dissection of subcarinal lymph nodes...
BACKGROUND
Transmediastinal radical esophagectomy (TME) is a new minimally invasive approach without thoracotomy. However, the transcervical dissection of subcarinal lymph nodes (SCLN) is challenging. The shape or narrowness of the mediastinal space, particularly around the aortic arch to the tracheal bifurcation, may increase the difficulty of this procedure. The present study aimed to clarify predictors of the difficulty of transcervical SCLN dissection.
METHODS
Patients who underwent TME between 2016 and 2019 were included (n = 126). Four indicators, the cervical angle, carina distance, aorta distance, and sternum distance, were defined as indicators of mediastinal narrowness by 3D-CT. The relationships between the difficulty of transcervical SCLN dissection and clinicopathological features, including the above indicators, were investigated.
RESULTS
In a univariate analysis, the cervical angle (p = 0.023), aorta distance (p = 0.002), and middle thoracic tumor (p = 0.040) correlated with difficulty. The median cervical angle and aorta distance were 15° and 33 mm in difficult cases and 19° and 43 mm in easy cases, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, the short aorta distance (odds ratio: 7.96, p = 0.002) and middle thoracic tumor (odds ratio: 3.35, p = 0.042) were independent predictive factors.
CONCLUSIONS
The cervical angle, aorta distance, and middle thoracic tumor may predict the difficulty of transcervical SCLN dissection. In difficult cases, a transhiatal approach should be combined for complete SCLN dissection.
Topics: Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Lymph Nodes; Mediastinum; Aorta, Thoracic; Esophageal Neoplasms
PubMed: 36622572
DOI: 10.1007/s10388-022-00983-w -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Feb 2020
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Diseases; Arterial Switch Operation; Cardiovascular Abnormalities; Humans; Transposition of Great Vessels
PubMed: 31669010
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.08.110 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2021Aortic wall stiffening is a predictive marker for morbidity in hypertensive patients. Arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) correlates with the level of stiffness and can...
Aortic wall stiffening is a predictive marker for morbidity in hypertensive patients. Arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) correlates with the level of stiffness and can be derived using non-invasive 4D-flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objectives of this study were twofold: to develop subject-specific thoracic aorta models embedded into an MRI-compatible flow circuit operating under controlled physiological conditions; and to evaluate how a range of aortic wall stiffness impacts 4D-flow-based quantification of hemodynamics, particularly PWV. Three aorta models were 3D-printed using a novel photopolymer material at two compliant and one nearly rigid stiffnesses and characterized via tensile testing. Luminal pressure and 4D-flow MRI data were acquired for each model and cross-sectional net flow, peak velocities, and PWV were measured. In addition, the confounding effect of temporal resolution on all metrics was evaluated. Stiffer models resulted in increased systolic pressures (112, 116, and 133 mmHg), variations in velocity patterns, and increased peak velocities, peak flow rate, and PWV (5.8-7.3 m/s). Lower temporal resolution (20 ms down to 62.5 ms per image frame) impacted estimates of peak velocity and PWV (7.31 down to 4.77 m/s). Using compliant aorta models is essential to produce realistic flow dynamics and conditions that recapitulated in vivo hemodynamics.
Topics: Algorithms; Aorta, Thoracic; Blood Flow Velocity; Hemodynamics; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Cardiovascular; Pressure; Regional Blood Flow; Tensile Strength; Vascular Stiffness
PubMed: 33758315
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86174-6 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Feb 2015
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Cardiac Valve Annuloplasty; Female; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Male
PubMed: 25457257
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.10.014 -
Vojnosanitetski Pregled Mar 2011
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Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... May 2017This study investigates the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of porcine descending thoracic aorta in three dimensions using a custom-made nano-indentation technique and a...
This study investigates the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of porcine descending thoracic aorta in three dimensions using a custom-made nano-indentation technique and a quasi-linear viscoelastic modeling approach. The indentation tests were conducted in axial, circumferential, and radial orientations with about 100 μm spatial resolution. The ratio of the elastic moduli obtained in different orientations was used to quantify the tissue local anisotropy. The distal sections were generally stiffer than the proximal ones in both axial and circumferential indentations. Four distinct layers were identified across the thickness with significantly different mechanical properties. The stiffness of the medial quadrant was significantly lower than all other quadrants in axial indentation. The anisotropic behavior of the tissue was more pronounced in the lateral quadrant of the distal sections. The results of this study can be used to better understand the mechanisms of aorta deformation and improve the spatial accuracy of computational models of aorta.
Topics: Animals; Anisotropy; Aorta, Thoracic; Biomechanical Phenomena; Elastic Modulus; Stress, Mechanical; Swine
PubMed: 28040607
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.022 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Nov 2009Angiogenesis, the sprouting of blood vessels from preexisting vasculature is associated with both natural and pathological processes. Various angiogenesis assays involve...
Angiogenesis, the sprouting of blood vessels from preexisting vasculature is associated with both natural and pathological processes. Various angiogenesis assays involve the study of individual endothelial cells in culture conditions (1). The aortic ring assay is an angiogenesis model that is based on organ culture. In this assay, angiogenic vessels grow from a segment of the aorta (modified from (2)). Briefly, mouse thoracic aorta is excised, the fat layer and adventitia are removed, and rings approximately 1 mm in length are prepared. Individual rings are then embedded in a small solid dome of basement matrix extract (BME), cast inside individual wells of a 48-well plate. Angiogenic factors and inhibitors of angiogenesis can be directly added to the rings, and a mixed co-culture of aortic rings and other cell types can be employed for the study of paracrine angiogenic effects. Sprouting is observed by inspection under a stereomicroscope over a period of 6-12 days. Due to the large variation caused by the irregularities in the aortic segments, experimentation in 6-plicates is strongly advised. Neovessel outgrowth is monitored throughout the experiment and imaged using phase microscopy, and supernatants are collected for measurement of relevant angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, cell death markers and nitrite.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Angiogenic Proteins; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Endothelial Cells; Mice; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Organ Culture Techniques
PubMed: 19935640
DOI: 10.3791/1564 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Jul 2016
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Computed Tomography Angiography; Humans; Prosthesis Design; Vascular Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 27167023
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.02.078 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 1995
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Rupture; Duplicate Publications as Topic; Echocardiography, Transesophageal; Humans; Publishing
PubMed: 7616995
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199508173330709